Three state agencies in Hawaii are monitoring a third suspected case of highly pathogenic avian influenza after an endangered native duck was found infected on Kauaʻi. Preliminary tests by the Hawaiʻi State Laboratory identified the presence of an influenza A virus in the bird, but confirmation and identification of the subtype, such as H5N1, are pending further analysis by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories.
The affected bird, a Koloa Maoli (Hawaiian duck), was discovered ill on November 26 at the Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge and died within a day. This marks the first potential detection of avian influenza in a native Hawaiian bird. Previous cases included Hawaii’s initial detection of H5N1 in November 2024 in a backyard flock on Oʻahu, followed by findings in hybrid ducks on Oʻahu’s North Shore and migratory Koloa Māpu ducks on both Oʻahu and Maui. Officials believe this latest Kauaʻi case likely originated from infected migratory waterfowl.
The Department of Health (DOH), Department of Agriculture & Biosecurity (DAB), and Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) are working together to monitor public health, poultry operations, and wild bird populations for any signs of virus spread.
Authorities note that with migratory bird season ongoing, there is increased risk that birds passing through Hawaii could bring avian diseases. The public is advised not to touch or handle wild birds, particularly waterfowl or shorebirds.
If sick or dead birds are encountered, officials recommend avoiding contact. If handling is necessary, gloves should be worn and biosafety protocols followed. Unusual illnesses among poultry or wild animals should be reported to DAB’s Animal Industry Division at 808-483-7100 during business hours or 808-837-8092 after hours.
Information provided about H5N1 notes that it mainly affects birds and rarely infects humans except through close contact with infected animals. Current public risk remains low; no restrictions on outdoor activities have been recommended by DOH. Routine human flu vaccines do not protect against H5N1; avoiding sick or dead birds remains the best preventive measure.
More information can be found at the DOH’s avian influenza page at https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/avian-influenza/ as well as DAB’s resources at https://dab.hawaii.gov/ai/ldc/avian-influenza-information/.
“The public risk in Hawaiʻi is currently low, so the DOH does not recommend restricting outdoor activities.”
“H5N1 is an avian influenza virus that mainly affects birds; human infections are uncommon but can happen following close contact with infected birds.”
“Routine influenza vaccines in humans do not protect against H5N1; the best prevention is avoiding contact with sick or dead birds.”
